Droughts and water constraints in California and the West could impact America's supply of nuts, fruits and vegetables. "So far, we have not seen widespread food price increases for American consumers," Chris Field wrote in an email. "But, as extremes become more common, the risk becomes more and more real."

Jef Caers discusses how his research in machine-learning modeling can reduce uncertainty – and wasted efforts – when it comes to locating mineral deposits that are increasingly important for energy storage.

While solar radiation management remains on the periphery of climate discussions, carbon dioxide removal has been accepted as a necessary tool for mitigating climate change, said Stanford University scientist Chris Field.

Noah Diffenbaugh discussed the UN climate report with Fox News starting at [01:00]. "Impacts of climate change are already happening, but depending on human behavior and decarbonizing, we could lessen these impacts," he said. 

Roz Naylor proposes that a new mindset and consideration of aquatic animals, plants and algae can transform our food system. "The only way to fix the global food system is to address the opportunities and challenges of blue and green foods together, " Naylor wrote.

Noah Diffenbaugh and Chris Field explain how July 4th fireworks could increase the risk of wildfires. 

Derek Ouyang is among a team of scientists, students and community organizers who organized a five-year study to examine the social and psychological effects of climate exposure, while building relationships with the families as warming alters their lives. 

Over the next 15 years, the U.S. is set to slash the use of powerful greenhouse gases used in refrigerants. That means changes to your grocery store. "If we can phase out HFCs quickly, we'll reduce global warming by 1 degree Fahrenheit at century's end," said Rob Jackson.

Katerina Gonzales says researchers like herself can work to communicate in a trauma-informed way, partly by reflecting on how their own background, position and status may have protected them from traumatic experiences.

A new authored by Stanford Earth PhD students Richard Stockey, Thomas Boag and Will Gearty looked at the fossil record of marine mollusks dating back 145 million years and examined how diversity shifted during warmer and colder periods.

"There is a 'confluence of conditions' that contribute to wildfires, but the drought persisting throughout California has made many residents concerned about what the arid conditions will mean for the next spate of fires," said Stanford climate scientist Noah Diffenbaugh. 

“We’ve seen that extreme precipitation events are increasing in frequency or intensity, and so we wanted to quantify what are the financial costs of those changes in precipitation,” said Frances Davenport, a PhD student in Earth system science.

Sally Benson, an expert in low-carbon energy systems, discussed flexible standards for clean electricity. "Mandate the goals", she said, "not how states get there."

“Our research suggests that many more people likely perish from smoke exposure during large fire events than perish directly in the fire, and many more people are made sick,” said Stanford environmental economist Marshall Burke. 

“So many different types of extremes we know are increasing in frequency or intensity as a result of global warming, even the ones that don’t include temperature directly,” said climate scientist Noah Diffenbaugh.

Rob Jackson discussed how our emergence from the pandemic could lead to a spike in emissions. "The quickest jump will come when everyone hops back in their cars and starts commuting regularly," he said.